What are the two most common tests used to determine milk quality?

The two most common tests used to determine milk quality are the somatic cell count and the standard plate count.

The somatic cell count is a critical indicator of milk quality because it provides insight into the health of the mammary gland in dairy cows. A high somatic cell count typically suggests the presence of mastitis or other infections, which can adversely affect milk quality and safety. Therefore, monitoring this count helps ensure that the milk produced is safe for consumers and meets industry standards.

The standard plate count measures the total bacterial load in the milk. This test evaluates the number of viable microorganisms present, which can indicate the cleanliness of the milking process, handling, and storage conditions. A lower standard plate count is associated with better hygienic practices and higher quality milk.

Together, these tests provide essential information about both the sanitary quality of the milk and the health of the dairy cows, making them the standard measures for assessing milk quality in the dairy industry.